ICFRE - Himalayan Forest Research Institute

INSECT PESTS DISEASE MANAGEMENT

Studies on insect pest of broad leaved species : Life history of Poplar shoot borer ( Eucosma glaciata ) worked out and control measures standardised. Damage evaluation of beetles on different clones of Populus deltoides and Provenances of P. ciliata done. Diseases in Poplar Studies on insect pest of Conifers : On Deodar about 60 insect species cause various degrees of damage during different stages of growth amongst which, Ectropis deodarae is considered a most injurious pest and control measures suggested. Deodar trees are also infected by a root rot disease, caused by Phytopthora cinnamomi, which can be controlled by applying Trichoderma viridae - a biological control agent. Matured larvae of Ectropis deodarae Deodar mortality by Phytopthora cinnamomi The problem of mortality of Chir pine in the states of Haryana and Himachal Pradesh was found due to the heavy attack by four types of insect stem borers viz., Sphaenoptera aterrima, Cryptorhynchus rufescens, Platypus biformis and Polygraphus longifolia and control measures suggested. Chir pine mortality Stem borers in Chir pine The drying of Pinus wallichiana (Kail) recorded in HP and J&K was due to an outbreak of insect beetle, Pityogenes scitus. The effectiveness of biological control agent is being worked out for its management. Huge mortality of Willow plantations at Sisso, Khangsar, Gondhala, Keylong and Stingari areas of cold deserts in Himachal Pradesh was mainly due to lack of water sources. Also, sick trees were heavily infested by 'Large Willow Aphid' Tuberolachnus salignus (Homoptera: Aphidoidea: Lachnidae). A proper management practice by eliminating monoculture, arranging alternative water flow around plantations and application of some contact insecticides are suggested. Aphid on young Willow shoot Mature Aphid on Willow shoot Dead Willow trees

Keeping in view the importance of species and real threat from bark and wood borers, 7 provenances of Chir-pine were screened in field and evaluated for the attack of insect stem borers viz. Polygraphus longifolia, Ips longifolia, Cryptorhynchus rufescens and Sphaenoptera aterrima. Giri Gambhar Provenances (58%) and Kangra Valley (53.2%) were found to be most susceptible while Seer Kunar Khud (8.1%) and Beas Valley (7.0 %) was found to be most.

Forty provenances of Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) were screened against Ganoderma root-rot and termite under natural conditions in a randomized block design. syndrome free. Provenance Rampur, which was rated as resistant with 2.0 per cent tree mortality, was fifth best in terms of plant height and diameter at breast height).

Developed IPM Model on Deodar defoliator, which is one of the destructive defoliator of deodar Forest. In spite of the complicated defoliation problem, high mountains and sporadic out-break of this pest , it is possible to manage the pest by adopting silvicultural, mechanical and biological control during out- break situation.

Ipsdienol ((s)-2-methyl-6mehtyleneocta-2,7-dien-4-0l @ of 8 mg in Fero-T™ (Pheromone Trap) was found effective in containing population of I. longifolia Steb. (Coeoptera: Scolytidae) in Chir-pine planation. 12-20 Pheromone traps are required in one ha. Plantation.

Beetle Attack	Pheromone Trap

Tree-trap with 95 – 110 cm L X90 - 100 cm GBH and 25 to 35 % moisture content is found to be effective to attract the beetles.

Tree Trap used to contain the Beetle population in Hamirpur Forest Division

Neem cake @ 500 gm / m2, Grownim @ 5.0 % and summer oil @ 5.0 % is proved to be effective to keep the population of T. orichalcea below Economic Threshold Level in Saussurea costus.