ICFRE - Himalayan Forest Research Institute

A) Conifer Species:1. Silver Fir and Spruce has been causing of lot anxiety to the foresters for a long time on account of failure of its natural regeneration and non - availability of its standardised nursery techniques, Trials to standardise the nursery techniques were laid, seed maturity indices studied and methods of artificial ripening of cones worked out. Protocol for seed sowing including spacing and depth of sowing and control of damping off was established. Techniques of transplantation were standerdised Shade requirement of seedings worked out and appropriate shading material designed. Standardisation of nursery stock for out planting and plantation techniques: Age and size of seedling of silver Fir and Spruce for out planting standerdised. Cost effective techniques for out planting worked out.

Transplanting model of Silver Fir and Spruce in Nursery Beds	Transplanted Silver Fir and Spruce in Nursery Beds

2. Nursery techniques for raising bare-root stock of Silver fir and Spruce have been standardized and extended to SFD HP.

3. Standardized the nursery techniques for raising containerized seedlings of conifers i.e. fir, spruce and deodar.

4. Successfully developed technique for raising Tall plants of Cedrus deodara and provided the technique to various end-users.

B)Broad Leaved Species: Nursery techniques of broad leaved associates of conifers including Himalayan Poplar (Populus ciliata), Kharsu Oak (Quercus semicarpifolia ) and Mohru Oak (Q. dilatata), Birdcherry (Prunus cornata), Horsechestnut (Aesculus indica) and Maple (Acer cesium) standardised .